中药材栽培近缘野生种调查及驯化栽培研究

Allied Wild Species Investigation and Cultivation Study of Tradition Chinese Medicine Cultivated Species

为了扩大高海拔冷凉地区中药材栽培区域和增加中药材栽培种,从低海拔地区引入17个常见中药材栽培种,试种后只有掌叶大黄、羌活、当归等8个种生长良好,能安全越冬,占引入栽培种总数的47.06%,其余9个种无法安全越冬,占引入栽培种总数的52.94%。针对高海拔冷凉地区中药材引种成功率低,栽培种稀缺的现状,调查研究了常见中药材栽培种近缘野生种,发现天祝地区有中药材栽培种近缘野生种9科9属34种。野生种采集种子驯化栽培后,发芽率和越冬后保存率均较高,在高海拔冷凉地区有一定的栽培前景。

In order to enlarge Cultivation area and increase cultivation species of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in high altitude-cold areas,17 cultivation species of traditional Chinese medicinal materials were introduced from low altitude area,only Rheum palmatum L.,Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H.T.Chang,Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels,and so on 8 species were good growth and safe wintered,which were 47.06%of total introduced cultivated species,the other 9 species were couldn’t safe wintered,which were 52.94%.Aimed at the low introduction success rate and cultivation species scarcity current of Chinese medicinal materials in high altitude-cold areas,the allied wild species of common Chinese medicinal materials were investigated and studied,there were 9 families,9 genera,34 species of wild species in Tianzhu area.The germination rate and preservation rate after wintered were high after domestication cultivation with seeds;the wild species has certain cultivation prospects in high-altitude cold areas.