权力对生命的僭越:对当代生命权力的批判与反思

Power Over Life:Criticism and Reflection on the Contemporary Bio-power

对"生命权力"问题的探究肇始于福柯。"生命权力"表征着权力的最高功能不再是生杀予夺,而是控制和治理生命,权力既面向肉体的性能,又关注生命的过程,人类的生命现象进入了权力与知识的秩序中。伴随着资本逻辑的演进和资本主义社会的新发展变化,对"生命权力"问题的批判与反思也应当从福柯式的原初语境中挣脱出来,与当前的新资本主义批判课题结合起来。当代生命权力以意识形态的隐性控制和人口的显性治理为基本模式,并在数字资本逻辑逐渐发展的进程中,获得了"数字化生命"的新形式。为了揭示生命权力僭越生命的本质,探究资本主义权力与生命之间关系的秘密,关切现实的人的真实存在境遇,必须回到对当代生命权力的批判与反思中。

The inquiry into the issue of“bio-power”began with Foucault.“Bio-power”means that the supreme function of power is no longer to seize life or death,but to control and govern life.Power is not only oriented to the performance of the body,but also concerned with the process of life.The phenomenon of human life has entered the order of power and knowledge.With the evolution of capital logic and the new developments of capitalist society,the criticism and reflection on the issue of“bio-power”should break free from the original Foucault context and be combined with the current critique of new capitalism.Contemporary bio-power takes the implicit control of ideology and the explicit governance of population as the basic model,and it has acquired the new form of“digital life”in the process of the gradual development of digital capital logic.In order to reveal the nature of bio-power usurping life,to explore the secret of the relationship between capitalist power and life,and to care about the real existence of people in reality,we must return to the criticism and reflection on contemporary bio-power.