长期高强度训练对官兵心电图、心肌损伤和应激标志物的影响

Effects of long-term high intensity training on electrocardiogram and myocardial injury of military personnel

目的探讨长期高强度军事训练对官兵心电图、心肌损伤和应激标志物的影响。方法选取某驻地参加高强度训练的官兵,按照参加训练时间分为长期组(127人)和短期组(87人),比较5 km负重越野跑前后血压、心电图指标的变化和心律失常发生率,并对两组部分官兵进行越野前后肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)、肌钙蛋白T(TnT)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、肾上腺素(ADR)、去甲肾上腺素(NADR)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(ANG2)的分析。结果两组训练后即刻测量的舒张压均低于训练前(P<0.01)。长期高强度训练组的Ⅱ导联P波宽度,RV5振幅(mV),RV5+SV1(mV)电压在训练前后均高于短期对照组(P<0.01)。训练后室性早搏、房性早搏、短PR间期、Ⅰ度AVB、完全性右束支阻滞及ST-T改变等发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。长期高强度训练组训练后TnT、ACTH、ADR和ANG2的水平均低于短期高强度训练组(P<0.01)。结论高强度军事训练导致官兵心脏有潜在的损伤风险,机体经长期训练血压及心电图发生适应性改变,心肌损伤及应激反应机体有适应性调整。

Objective By conducting psychological questionnaires and examining the changes of heart rate and blood pressure before and after high-intensity training for military officers in a certain area,the mental state of military officers was analyzed,as well as the influence and correlation of mental state on heart rate and blood pressure before and after training.Methods A total of 591 officers from 4 arms were randomly sampled.The Psychological Elasticity Scale was filled out before training,and heart rate and blood pressure were measured before and after training.Results The diastolic blood pressure measured immediately after training in the two groups was lower than before training(P<0.01).The P wave width,RV5 amplitude(mV),and RV5+SV1(mV)voltage of the long-term high-intensity training group were higher than those of the short-term control group before and after training(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the incidence of ventricular premature contractions,atrial premature contractions,short PR interval,I-degree AVB,complete right bundle branch block and ST-T changes after training(P>0.05).The levels of TnT,ACTH,ADR and ANG2 after training in the long-term high-intensity training group were lower than those in the short-term high-intensity training group(P<0.01).Conclusion Psychological status of different arms is different.Psychological status affects the changes of heart rate and blood pressure after training.Smoking and drinking have adverse effects on psychological status.Higher educated people have higher optimism index.