双渠道多级分销网络选址—库存问题

Location-inventory problem of dual-channel multi-echelon distribution network

针对分销网络中各节点独立决策与全局最优并存的现实需求,引入目标级联法用于解决双渠道多级分销网络选址—库存问题。构建了多层级、多节点、多主体的三层级问题求解模型,并采用底层先收敛、局部用遗传算法的协调策略进行求解,实现选址决策、库存决策与线上需求分配决策。以某红酒企业的双渠道分销网络运作模式为案例,对选址—库存模型进行求解与结果分析,并与传统的一体化优化方法的求解效果进行对比,验证了目标级联法在求解选址—库存问题的有效性;通过对需求方差的变化进行敏感性分析表明,为降低需求不确定性对企业物流总成本的影响,应及时优化供应链结构,调整线上需求分配的层级。

Aiming at the practical demand of the coexistence of each node's independent decision-making of and global optimization in the distribution network,the Analytical Target Cascading(ATC)was introduced to solve the location-inventory problem of multi-echelon distribution network.A multi-echelon,multi-node and multi-agent three-level problem solving model was constructed,and the strategy of convergence at the bottom and local genetic algorithm was used to coordinate the solution,so as to realize the location decision,inventory decision and online demand distribution decision.Taking the dual channel distribution network operation mode of a red wine enterprise as an example,the result of the location-inventory model was analyzed,and the solution result was compared with the traditional integrated optimization method.The effectiveness of ATC in solving the location-inventory problem was verified.Through the sensitivity analysis of the changes in variance,the results showed that the supply chain structure should be optimized in time and the level of online demand distribution should be adjusted to reduce the impact of demand uncertainty on the total logistics cost of enterprises.