考虑零售商双渠道和回收品质量的闭环供应链定价与协调

Pricing and coordination of closed-loop supply chain considering retailer's dual-channel and difference in recycled products quality

为研究零售商双渠道结构和回收品质量对闭环供应链最优决策的影响,构建了包含一个制造商、一个零售商和一个第三方组成的闭环供应链模型,在双渠道闭环供应链基础上,考虑零售商线上和线下渠道并存以及回收品存在质量差异的情况,在零售商主导的前提下,利用Stackelberg博弈理论求得集中决策与分散决策下的供应链成员最优定价和利润。结果表明:分散决策下的闭环供应链没有达到Pareto最优,采用利润共享—费用分担契约实现供应链协调后,供应链中各主体企业的利润得到提高,供应链整体利润达到集中决策水平;回收品质量不会影响正向供应链中的定价决策,但与逆向供应链中的回收价格、回收数量和供应链的整体利润正相关。最后通过数值分析验证了结论和协调机制的有效性。

To study the influence of retailers'dual-channel structure and quality of recycled products on the optimal decision-making of the closed-loop supply chain,a multi-channel closed-loop supply chain model with a manufacturer,a retail and a third party was established.On this basis,the situations that the online sale channel coexisted with the offline channel as well as the quality difference of recycled products were considered.With the retailer dominating the supply chain,the optimal pricing strategy and supply chain member's profit were analyzed under centralized decision-making and decentralized decision by Stackelberg theory.The result showed that the efficiency loss was leaded by decentralized decision.Based on the optimal result of centralized decision,a profit and expense sharing contract was designed to improve the profit of supply chain members.The results also show that high quality recycled products could not affect the pricing decision in the forward supply chain,but had a positive effect on the profit of the supply chain and the amount of recycled products.A numerical analysis was given to certify the relevant conclusions.