长江经济带水资源-能源网络特征

Characteristics of the water-energy network in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

经济发展与水资源和能源密不可分,研究水和能源两种资源在宏观经济系统各部门之间的流通特征,挖掘其内在规律,对地区水与能源的高效及可持续利用至关重要。本文以长江经济带为例,运用复杂网络理论创建资源网络模型,从水资源-能源的双重节约和双向节约的新视角发掘资源网络特征。结果表明:(1)长江经济带水-能源相关要素资源网络具备小世界性及无标度性,网络中关键部门的变化将显著影响整个网络。(2)江苏的化学产品业、金属冶炼和延加工业、建筑业等部门因具备较大点强度而对长江经济带的水-能源的双重节约作用显著。江苏的化学产品业、金属冶炼和延加工业、电气机械和器材业以及湖北和湖南的电力、热力的生产和供应等部门的节水带来的节能效应和节能带来的节水效应可快速传播至其他部门,对水-能源双向节约作用显著。(3)研究区内各省市资源流通量大体与经济发展水平呈正相关,江苏、湖南和湖北地区资源流通量较大,云南、贵州和重庆资源流通量相对较小。(4)对重庆(交通运输、仓储和邮政业)→重庆(租赁和商务服务业)、重庆(建筑业)→重庆(其他服务业)、四川(建筑业)→四川(其他服务业)3条贸易路径中的部门进行合理的资源调控可以显著影响整个网络的资源流通量,从而实现资源节约。本文探究地区水-能源网络特征,旨在为资源高效利用提供有益参考。

Economic development is inseparable from water resources and energy,and exploring the circulation characteristics of water and energy among various sectors in the macroeconomic system and examining their patterns is of vital importance for the efficient and sustainable use of water and energy.In this study,the Yangtze River Economic Belt was taken as a case and complex network theory was adopted to create resource networks to explore the resource network characteristics from a new perspective of two-way savings and mutual savings on water and energy.The results indicate that:(1)Water-energy-related resource networks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt had small-world and scale-free characteristics and changes of key sectors in the network will significantly affect the whole network.(2)Chemical industry,metallurgy,and construction in Jiangsu Province had significant mutual saving effect of water and energy in the Yangtze River Economic Belt due to their great node strength.For chemical industry,metallurgy,and electrical equipment manufacturing in Jiangsu Province,and electricity and hot water production and supply in Hubei and Hunan provinces,the energy-saving effect brought by water saving and the water-saving effect brought by energy saving can be quickly spread to other sectors,and the two-way saving effect of water and energy was significant.(3)The amount of resource circulation was generally positively correlated with the level of economic development.The circulation of resources in Jiangsu,Hunan,and Hubei provinces was relatively large,while the circulation of resources in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces and Chongqing Municipality was relatively low.(4)The reasonable regulation of resource utilization of sectors in three trade routes Chongqing(transport,storage,and postal services)→Chongqing(leasing and commercial services),Chongqing(construction)→Chongqing(other services),and Sichuan(construction)→Sichuan(other services)can significantly affect the resource flow of the entire network,so as to realize resource conservation.Exploring the characteristics of the regional water-energy network can provide references for the efficient utilization of resources.