成都市PM2.5和臭氧交互作用对心脑血管疾病死亡人数的影响研究

Effects of Interaction between PM2.5 and O_(3) 8-h max on Mortality of Cardiovascular Diseases in Chengdu

目的探究成都市大气环境中PM2.5与臭氧交互作用对当地心脑血管疾病死亡影响的健康风险。方法利用成都市2014–2016年逐日心脑血管疾病(包括男性和女性)死亡资料、同期气象资料、PM2.5日均浓度和日均臭氧8 h浓度最大值(O_(3) 8-h max)资料,采用广义相加模型分析PM2.5和O_(3) 8-h max单效应及其二者交互作用对当地心脑血管疾病死亡人数的影响。结果累积滞后一天(lag01)的PM2.5和O_(3) 8-h max对心脑血管疾病死亡影响的风险均最大,PM2.5(lag01)质量浓度每升高10μg/m3,心脑血管疾病总死亡、男性和女性死亡风险分别增加0.35%、0.26%和0.38%;O_(3) 8-h max(lag01)质量浓度每升高10μg/m3,心脑血管疾病总死亡、男性和女性死亡风险分别增加0.66%、0.43%和1.05%。高浓度PM2.5与高浓度O_(3) 8-h max共存情况下,心脑血管疾病死亡总人数、男性和女性死亡人数均达到最多。结论高浓度PM2.5与高浓度O_(3) 8-h max对心脑血管疾病死亡的影响存在协同放大效应。

Objective To explore the health risks of the interactive effects between PM2.5 and ozone on cardiovascular mortality in Chengdu.Methods Daily data on the mortality of cardiovascular diseases,including data for both men and women,during 2014-2016 were collected.The meteorological data,the daily average of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 micrometers(PM2.5),and the daily ozone 8 h maximum concentration(O_(3) 8-h max) in Chengdu of the same period were also collected.Generalized Additive Models(GAMs) were adopted to explore the respective adverse health effects of PM2.5 and O_(3) 8-h max and the synergistic effects between PM2.5 and O_(3) 8-h max on the mortality of cardiovascular diseases in the city.Results The highest health risks of PM2.5 and O_(3) 8-h max for mortality of cardiovascular diseases were found to be the strongest for the cumulative effect of the lag of one day(lag01).For every 10 μg/m3 increment in the mass concentration of PM2.5(lag01),the associated increase in risks for total,male,and female cardiovascular mortalities was 0.35%,0.26% and 0.38%,respectively.For every 10 μg/m3 increment in the mass concentration of O_(3) 8-h max(lag01),the associated increase in risks for total,male,and female cardiovascular mortalities was 0.66%,0.43%,and 1.05%,respectively.The total,male,and female cardiovascular mortalities all reached their maximum values when high concentration of PM2.5 coexisted with high concentrations of O_(3) 8-h max.Conclusion There was a synergistic amplification effect between high concentrations of PM2.5 and high concentrations of O_(3) 8-h max on cardiovascular mortality.