火麻仁蛋白与大豆蛋白的营养评价及比较

Comparative Study on Nutritional Evaluation of Hemp Seed Protein and Soybean Protein

为明确火麻仁蛋白的基本组成及营养价值,以大豆蛋白为参比,对脱脂火麻仁粕蛋白质含量、矿物质元素、氨基酸构成以及蛋白质营养价值(如必需氨基酸比值、氨基酸比值系数、氨基酸比值系数评分、氨基酸评分、化学评分、必需氨基酸指数、营养指数、预测生物价)进行了评价比校,为火麻仁蛋白的开发和应用提供数据参考。结果表明:脱脂火麻仁粕的钾钠比为大豆的7.5倍,其Cu、Fe、P、Zn、Mg、Mn元素含量均高于大豆。而脱脂大豆粕和脱脂火麻仁粕的蛋白质含量分别为40.23%和62.61%、总氨基酸含量分别为1065.67 mg/g蛋白和1174.58 mg/g蛋白、必需氨基酸含量占比分别为40.02%和41.68%。同时,火麻仁蛋白必需氨基酸指数为106.23、营养指数为66.50、预测生物价为104.72,营养价值更加接近理想蛋白模式。由此可见,脱脂火麻仁粕的营养价值堪比脱脂大豆粕,可以作为一种新型的植物蛋白资源来供产业的开发和应用。

In order to clarify the basic composition and nutritional value of hemp seed protein, with soybean protein as the reference, the protein content, mineral elements, amino acid composition and protein nutritional value(such as essential amino acid ratio, amino acid ratio factor, amino acid ratio score, amino acid score, chemical score, essential amino acid index, nutrition index, predicted biological price) were evaluated and compared, providing data reference for the development and application of hemp seed protein. The results showed that the potassium-sodium ratio of defatted hemp seed meal was 7.5 times higher than that of soybeans, and the content of Cu, Fe, P, Zn, Mg and Mn was higher than that of soybeans. The protein content of defatted soybean meal and defatted hemp seed meal was 40.23% and 62.61%,respectively, and the total amino acid content was 1065.67 mg/g protein and 1174.58 mg/g protein, respectively, and the essential amino acid content was 40.02% and 41.68%, respectively. At the same time, the essential amino acid index of hemp seed protein was 106.23, the nutrition index was 66.50, and the predicted biological price was 104.72, and the nutritional value was closer to the ideal protein model. It can be seen that the nutritional value of defatted hemp seed meal is comparable to that of defatted soybean meal, which can be used as a new type of plant protein resources for the development and application of industry.