青年马克思对货币认识的演变及其意义

Evolution and Significance of Young Marx’s Understanding of Money

青年马克思对货币认识的演变是理解青年马克思思想发展的一个重要线索。在《论犹太人问题》中,马克思将货币视作支配市民社会的利己主义原则的表现,认为货币是人的异己本质。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,马克思同样将货币视作人异化的类本质和外化的能力。在《穆勒摘要》中,马克思发现了货币与资产阶级生产方式之间的本质关联,从而在对货币的理解上取得了重要推进。此后的《德意志意识形态》,马克思进一步探讨了货币与资产阶级社会本质特征的关系问题。青年马克思通过对货币的认识,初步实现了货币拜物教批判,接受了劳动价值论的科学性,并对同时代的唯心主义哲学和改良主义,以及资产阶级意识形态进行了批判。

The evolution of young Marx’s understanding of money is an important clue to understand the development of young Marx’s thoughts.In On the Jewish Problem,Marx regarded money as an expression of the principle of egoism that governed civil society,and that money was the alienated nature of human beings.In the Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844,Marx also viewed money as the alienated nature of human beings and the ability of objectification.In Marx’s Notebook Comments on James Mill,Marx discovered the essential connection between money and the capitalist mode of production,making an important advance in the understanding of money.Then,in German Ideology,Marx further explored the relationship between money and the essential characteristics of bourgeois society.Through his understanding of money,young Marx achieved his initial criticism of money fetishism,embraced the scientific nature of labor theory of value,and criticized idealist philosophy and reformism of his contemporaries,as well as bourgeois ideology.