不同促根措施对皖南烤烟根系发育和土壤养分的影响

Effects of Different Root-Promoting Practices on Flue-Cured Tobacco Root Development and Soil Nutrients in Southern Anhui

为探索不同促根措施对皖南烤烟根系发育和土壤养分的影响,以常规施肥为对照,研究增施黄腐酸钾、γ-聚谷氨酸和团棵期豆浆灌根3种促根措施对烟株根系生理及形态特征、烟株根际和非根际土壤的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,3种促根措施可增加根体积、主根长度、不定根及侧根数量、根系干物质积累,促进烤烟根系发育,增施黄腐酸钾和豆浆灌根处理在移栽后95 d根系活力分别提高42.55%和26.65%。不同促根措施可影响烟株根际和非根际土壤养分含量,有利于速效养分的吸收,增施γ-聚谷氨酸和豆浆灌根处理可提高烟株根际和非根际土壤有机质含量。本试验条件下增施黄腐酸钾、γ-聚谷氨酸和团棵期豆浆灌根均可有效促进烟株根系发育,改变根际和非根际土壤养分含量,促进根系对土壤养分的吸收,具有潜在的推广应用价值。

The experiment was conducted to study effects of different root-promoting practices on root development of tobacco and soil nutrients in southern Anhui. With the conventional fertilization as control, the supplement application of potassium fulvate, γ-polyglutamic acid and soybean milk irrigated at resetting stage were set to study the changes of morphological and physiological characteristics of tobacco roots and nutrient contents in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil. The results showed that compared with control, the root volume, length of main root, number of adventitious and lateral roots, and dry matter accumulation of root system were increased, and the root development of flue-cured tobacco was promoted by the three root-promoting practices. The root activity increased by 42.55% and 26.65% respectively after transplanting for 95 days under the treatments using potassium fulvate and soybean milk. The root-promoting practices could affect the nutrient contents in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of flue-cured tobacco, and was conducive to the absorption of available nutrients. The application of γ-polyglutamic acid and soybean milk could increase the content of organic matter in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of tobacco plants. Therefore, the three root-promoting practices could effectively promote the root development, change the nutrient contents of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of tobacco plants, and promote the absorption of soil nutrients, so they had potential popularizing value.