论“醉酒型”危险驾驶罪的主观罪过——以行为无价值二元论为视角

On the Subjective Sin of the “Drunk Type” Dangerous Driving Crime——From the Perspective of the Dualism Theory of Valueless Behavior

"醉酒型"危险驾驶罪是抽象危险犯,对于抽象危险犯应严格恪守立法的规范判断,认定过失的抽象危险犯无可罚性基础、过失的醉驾行为不构成危险驾驶罪。需在应然层面以行为无价值二元论的视角展开,明确推理的逻辑起点是客观行为而非结果,因此首先要考察客观行为是否符合刑法意义上行为规范的具体要求,再考察行为人的主观层面,论证过程必须贯彻刑法基本立法理念和刑法价值功能,进而认定醉酒驾车行为人的主观罪过至少为间接故意。而在如何出罪的问题上,有两条路径:其一,行为在客观上没有法益侵害性或者没有法益侵害可能性的,不可能构成危险驾驶罪;其二,过失的醉驾行为不构成本罪。

The crime of drunken dangerous driving is an abstract dangerous crime,and the abstract dangerous crime should strictly abide by the standard judgment of legislation.The abstract dangerous crime should be recognized as having no basis for punishment,and the negligent drunk driving behavior does not constitute the crime of dangerous driving.From the perspective of dualism theory of valueless behavior,it is clear that the logical starting point of reasoning is objective behavior rather than result.Therefore,we should first investigate whether the objective behavior conforms to the specific requirements of the code of conduct in the sense of criminal law,and then affirm that the behavior’s subjective sin of drunken dangerous driving must be at least indirect intention.On the issue of how to commit a crime,there are two ways:first,if the behavior has no infringement of legal interests or the possibility of infringement of legal interests objectively,it cannot constitute the crime of dangerous driving;second,negligent drunk driving does not constitute this crime.