家庭劳动教育现实表征、影响因素及对策研究——基于河南省初中的调查

Research on the Realistic Representation,Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of Family Labor Education:Based on the Survey of Junior High Schools in Henan Province

劳动教育具有树德、增智、育美、强体的综合育人价值,让劳动教育重归家庭,需要父母共同努力。调查发现:当前中国家庭对劳动教育给予了更多重视,但仍存在着父亲角色参与不足;学生对劳动价值观认识模糊;家长对劳动精神的培养不够重视;孩子参与体验性劳动不足等问题。这些问题的出现受传统观念、家长对劳动教育的核心价值目标认识不足、家长的文化水平偏低、家长对孩子的溺爱及隔代教育的落后观念等因素的影响。为此,父母要共同担起家庭劳动教育的责任,注重培养孩子的劳动素养;增强孩子对普通劳动者的共情能力,培养孩子的工匠精神;鼓励孩子积极参与家内家外的体验性劳动,厚植孩子的劳动情怀;加强与学校和社区的联系,提升学生的劳动能力,以发挥家庭在劳动教育中的基础作用。

Labor education has such comprehensive education values as building morals,enhancing intelligence,cultivating aesthetics,and strengthening the body.It requires the joint effort of parents to return labor education to the family.The survey found out that the contemporary Chinese families give more and more evaluations to labor education.However,there are still such shortcomings as insufficient participation in the role of fathers,students having a vague understanding of labor values,parents'inadequate training of labor spirit,children's insufficient participation in experiential labor,etc.The emergence of these problems is affected by Chinese traditional ideology,parents'insufficient understanding of the core value and goals of labor education,parents'underdeveloped educational level,children spoiling,and backward concepts of inter-generational education.To overcome the challenges,parents or guardians are advised to take up the responsibility of family labor education,pay attention to cultivating children's labor literacy;enhance children's empathy for ordinary workers,cultivate children's craftsmanship,encourage children to actively participate in experiential labor inside and outside the home,cultivate children's labor feelings,strengthen the connection with the school and the community,improve the students'labor ability,so as to give a full play to the basic role of the family in labor education.