从辅助到创新:教育中技术作用的再认识

From Auxiliary to Innovation:Reconsideration of the Role of Technology in Education

互联网、云计算、大数据、人工智能等新兴信息技术飞速发展的今天,我们对教育中技术作用的认识需要从“辅助”走向“创新”。我们只有走出技术“辅助”作用的认识藩篱,才能正确认识技术对教育的巨大变革作用,主动用技术去变革或创新教育。文章首先阐述了教育中技术“辅助”作用认识的由来、产生原因和局限性。教育中的技术“辅助”作用的认识由来已久,始自于视觉教育,是伴随着教育技术的产生而出现的,与技术的表现形态和人对技术直观感觉、技术的惯常使用方式等紧密相关,具有很大的局限性。接着,深入分析了微课、大规模开放在线课程和在线教育等三个技术驱动教育创新的典型案例,说明教育中技术的“创新”作用已经显现,正在引发教育的系统性结构变革。最后,对教育中技术作用再认识的缘由、基础和内涵进行了深入论述。重新认识教育中技术的作用是技术发展的必然要求,是教育发展的现实需要。教育中所应用的技术的发展和人们对技术认识的不断深化,是重新认识教育中技术作用的技术基础和理论基础。教育中技术的“创新”作用主要体现在通过技术赋能来实现教育的流程再造和生态重构。

With the rapid development of emerging information technologies such as Internet,cloud computing,big data and artificial intelligence,our understanding of the role of technology in education needs to shift from"auxiliary"to"innovation".Only by stepping out of the cognitive barrier of the"auxiliary"role of technology,can we correctly understand the great transformative role of technology in education and take the initiative to use technology to transform or innovate education.Firstly,this paper expounds the origin,causes and limitations of the"auxiliary"function of technology in education.The understanding of the"auxiliary"role of technology in education has a long history,starting from visual education and emerges with the emergence of educational technology.It is closely related to the manifestation of technology,people's intuitive sense of technology and the way of habitual use of technology.It has great limitations.Then,this paper deeply analyzes three typical cases of technology-driven educational innovation,namely micro-lesson,massive online open courses and online education,which indicates that the"innovative"role of technology in education has emerged and is leading to the systematic structural reform of education.Finally,this paper deeply analyzes the reason,the basis and the connotation of reconsidering the role of technology in education.Reconsidering the role of technology in education is the inevitable requirement of technology development and the realistic need of educational development.The development of technology applied in education and people's growing understanding of technology are the technical and theoretical basis for reconsidering the role of technology in education.The"innovative"function of technology in education is mainly embodied in the process of reengineering and ecological reconstruction of education through technology empowerment.