基于高通量测序技术比较雄性和雌性黑貉肠道菌群间的差异

Analysis of Intestinal Microbiota Differences of Black Raccoon Dogs between Males and Females by High-Throughput Sequencing Technology

性别不同导致肠道微生物组成和多样性存在差异,肠道微生物影响宿主的营养和免疫功能。貉是一种重要的经济动物,但是不同性别貉的肠道微生物的差异尚未见报道。通过比较冬毛期雌貉与雄貉肠道微生物的差异,探究性别对冬毛期貉肠道微生物的影响。试验于2月份,在同一饲养场采集了24只(雌雄各半)日粮及年龄相同、健康的冬毛期黑貉的新鲜粪便,基于Illumina Miseq平台进行16S扩增子测序。结果表明,雌貉肠道菌群的观测物种数显著高于雄貉,Shannon指数和ACE指数虽然高于雄貉,但是差异并不显著;在门水平上,雌貉和雄貉粪便均以厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门为主,各菌门在组间均无显著差异。在属水平上,Streptococcus、Bacteroides、Phascolarctobacterium、Lactobacillu、Blautia和Alloprevotella等在雌貉与雄貉粪便菌群中均占优势地位。各菌属在组间均无显著差异;雌貉与雄貉肠道菌群的群落结构差异不显著;功能预测发现,碳水化合物代谢、脂质代谢和能量代谢等功能在性别间存在显著差异。因此,冬毛期雌貉与雄貉的肠道微生物间存在差异。

The different genders lead to the composition and diversity difference of gut microbiota in animals,and gut microbiota influence the nutritional and immune function of the host.Raccoon dogs are important economic animals,but it is not reported about the gut microbiota differences between different genders of raccoon dogs.During winter fur-growing period,the gut microbiota of raccoon dogs between males and females were compared to explore the effect of the gender on the gut microbiota of raccoon dogs.The fresh feces of twenty-four(12 male and 12 female)healthy adult black racoon dogs during winter fur-growing period were collected for 16S rDNA amplicons sequencing through Illumina MiSeq platform in February.All the raccoon dogs were chosen at the same age and fed with the same diet.The results were showed as follows:The observed species indexes of gut microbiota of female raccoon dogs were significantly higher than that of male raccoon dogs.The Shannon index and ACE index of gut microbiota of female raccoon dogs were higher than that of male raccoon dogs,but the differences were not significant.At the phylum level,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were predominant in both male and female raccoon dogs.The relative abundance of phyla was not significantly different between two groups.At the genus level,Streptococcus,Bacteroides,Phascolarctobacterium,Lactobacillu,Blautia and Alloprevotella were predominant in both male and female raccoon dogs.The relative abundance of genera was not significantly different between two groups.The community structures of gut microbiota of female and male raccoon dogs were not significantly different.Functional prediction found that carbohydrate metabolism,lipid metabolism,energy metabolism and other functions were significantly different between genders.Therefore,there were differences in gut microbiota between male and female racoon dogs during winter fur-growing period.