隐孢子虫致犊牛肠道损伤及营养对其影响研究进展

Advance in Intestinal Damage and Nutritional Regulation of Calves Caused by Cryptosporidium

隐孢子虫作为一种人畜共患寄生性原虫,感染犊牛后入侵其肠道,导致肠道形态结构发生改变,肠道内微生态失衡,致使犊牛产生消化不良、腹泻等临床症状,同时犊牛免疫系统的发育与健全也会受到影响。近年来隐孢子虫入侵后宿主肠道损伤修复及其营养调控的研究日益受到关注。目前,已报道应用于犊牛的营养因子有很多,如接种肠道有益菌群,使用微生物饲料添加剂等,均可有效调控犊牛受损肠道。通过分析虫体对犊牛肠道的损伤,并从宿主角度出发,提出相应的营养调控措施,从源头降低隐孢子虫感染犊牛的风险,以期为犊牛隐孢子虫病的防控提供新的思路,保障兽医公共卫生安全。

Cryptosporidium,as a zoonotic parasitic protozoan,invades its intestine after infecting calves,resulting in changes in intestinal morphology and structure,and imbalance of microecology in the intestine,resulting in dyspepsia,diarrhea and other clinical symptoms in calves.At the same time,the development and integrity of the calf immune system will also be affected.In recent years,the repair of host intestinal injury and its nutritional regulation after Cryptosporidium invasion have attracted more and more attention.At present,it has been reported that there are many nutritional factors used in calves,such as inoculation of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tract and use of microbial feed additives,which can effectively regulate the damaged intestinal tract of calves.By analyzing the damage of Cryptosporidium to calf intestinal tract and from the host point of view,the corresponding nutritional control measures were put forward to reduce the risk of Cryptosporidium infection from the source,in order to provide a new idea for the prevention and control of cryptosporidiosis in calves and ensure veterinary public health safety.