不同经济收入地区老年人生活习惯与认知功能分析

Analysis of Living Habits and the Cognitive Function in the Elderly in Different Economic Income

目的:分析不同经济收入地区老年人生活习惯与认知功能的相关性。方法:调查2011年5月-2012年5月上海、北京、广州、杭州、吉安、南昌、合肥7个城市的2417例60岁以上社区老年人的一般人口学资料、生活习惯,采用简明精神状态量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)对受试者进行认知功能评定,采集既往病史及现病史等信息。比较不同经济收入地区老年人生活习惯、认知功能,通过Spearman相关分析其相关性。结果:不同经济收入地区老年人在年龄、性别、受教育年限、吸烟史、饮酒史、饮茶史、运动、青年时午睡、中年时午睡、MoCA分值比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中低经济收入组老年人MoCA平均分为(19.210±6.571)分,低于高经济收入组的(20.520±6.758)分;两组年龄、性别与MoCA分值呈负相关(P<0.05),受教育年限、运动与MoCA分值呈正相关(P<0.05);高经济收入地区青年时午睡与MoCA分值呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:经济水平较高地区老年人认知功能较好;不同经济收入地区运动均有助于改善老年人的认知功能;在高经济收入地区青年时午睡不利于老年期认知功能的改善。

Objective:To investigate the correlation between living habits and cognitive function of the elderly in different income regions.Method:A total of 2417 community elderly people over the age of 60 general demographic data,living habits in Shanghai,Beijing,Guangzhou,Hangzhou,Ji’an,Nanchang,Hefei from May 2011 to May 2012,used mini-mental state examination(MMSE),Montreal cognitive assessment scale(MoCA)of the subjects to evaluate the cognitive function,collected previous and current medical history and other information.The differences in living habits and cognitive function of the elderly in different income areas were compared,and Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to analyze their correlation.Result:There were statistically significant differences in age,gender,years of education,smoking history,drinking tea history,drinking history,sports,napping in youth,napping in middle age,and MoCA scores among the elderly in different economic income areas(P<0.05).The average MoCA score of the middle and low income group was(19.210±6.571)points,which was lower than(20.520±6.758)points in the high income group.The MoCA scores were negatively correlated with age and gender in two groups(P<0.05),MoCA scores were positively correlated with years of education and exercise(P<0.05);and MoCA score was negatively correlated with napping in youth in high income areas(P<0.05).Conclusion:The cognitive function of the elderly in the areas with higher economic level is better;sports in different economic income areas are helpful to improve the cognitive function of the elderly;napping in the youth in the areas with high economic income is not conducive to the improvement of the cognitive function of the elderly.