本院265例中枢神经系统药品不良反应报告的回顾性分析

Retrospective Analysis of 265 Cases of Central Nervous System Adverse Drug Reactions in Our Hospital

目的:回顾性分析笔者所在医院中枢神经系统药品不良反应发生特点与规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:选取2016-2020年度笔者所在医院上报至国家不良反应监测系统的药品不良反应(adverse drug reactin,ADR)报告,并从中筛选出265例中枢神经系统不良反应报告进行统计分析。结果:265例中枢神经系统ADR中,女性患者(143例,53.96%)的比例高于男性(122例,46.04%),≥65岁患者占比最多(100例,37.74%);ADR发生的时间大部分为给药当天(120例,45.28%)及用药后2~7 d(128例,48.30%);静脉途径(134例,50.57%)是导致ADR发生的主要给药途径;致中枢神经系统ADR的首位药品为抗感染药(110例,41.51%),以莫西沙星、左氧氟沙星、伏立康唑及亚胺培南/西司他丁发生率最高。结论:应重视抗感染药导致的中枢神经系统不良反应,合理应用抗菌药物,关注老年患者的用药安全,加强ADR监测,以达到安全、有效、合理的用药目的。

Objective:To analyze the characteristics and rules of the occurrence of central nervous system adverse drug reactions in our hospital,and promote clinical rational drug use.Method:Retrospective analyzed 265 central nervous system adverse drug reactions reported to the National Adverse Reaction Monitoring System from 2016 to 2020.Result:Among the 265 cases,we found a slightly female predominance(143 cases,53.96%)than male(122 cases,46.04%)and the largest proportion of the elderly of≥65 years old(100 cases,37.74%).Most ADRs occur on the day of administration(120 cases,45.28%)and 2-7 days after administration(128 cases,48.30%),the intravenous route(134 cases,50.57%)was the main route leading to the occurrence of ADR.Antibacterials(110 cases,41.51%)was the first drug leading to central nervous system ADR,specifically,Moxifloxacin,Levofloxacin,Voriconazole and Imipenem/Cilastatin had the highest incidence.Conclusion:Pay attention to the central nervous system adverse reactions caused by anti-infective drugs and the medication safety of elderly patients,rationally use antibacterial drugs,and strengthen ADR monitoring to achieve safe,effective and reasonable medication purposes.