环境管制与企业出口表现:来自纺织染整工业企业的证据

Environmental Regulation and Export Performance:Evidence from Chinese Textile Dyeing and Finishing Industry

以江苏省太湖水污染管制为例,考察了环境管制对企业出口产品表现的影响。运用2001—2008年的海关进出口企业数据库和工业企业调查数据库的合并数据,采用多期双重差分的估计方法,文章发现:水污染管制显著提高了企业出口产品的价格和价值,但是对企业出口产品数量没有显著影响;水污染管制对企业出口产品的数量、价格和价值效应受企业的所有权结构、规模、污染排放强度的影响,也与出口目的国富裕程度以及我国与目的国地理距离相关;水污染管制的出口效应会因为环境管制执行力度的减弱而减弱;水污染管制显著提高了相关企业的退出率,但并没有显著影响企业对中间产品的进口。文章从多角度研究了水污染管制对企业出口表现的影响,肯定了环境管制政策的出口效应,有助于深刻认识我国环境管制与贸易发展的关系,对未来环境管制政策的制定具有参考意义。

Taking the water pollution regulation of Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province as an example,the paper investigates the impact of environmental regulation on export performance.Using the combined data of Chinese Customs Import and Export Database and Chinese Industrial Enterprise Survey Database from 2001 to 2008,we employed the multi-period difference-in-difference estimation method and found that:(1)Water pollution regulation has significantly increased the price and value of the export products,but the volume of exports has not been affected by the regulation;(2)The effect of water pollution regulation on the volume,price,and value of the company’s exports is affected by the company’s ownership structure,scale,pollution emission intensity,the wealth of the export destination country,and the geographic distance between China and the destination country;(3)The export effect of water pollution control will be weakened due to the weakening of the enforcement of environmental regulation;(4)Water pollution control has significantly increased the exit rate of relevant enterprises,but it has not significantly affected the import of intermediate products.This article studies the impact of water pollution control on corporate exports from multiple angles,affirms the export effect of environmental regulation,helps to understand the relationship between environmental regulation and trade development in China,and has reference significance for the formulation of future environmental policies.