基于“社会·生活·职业”融合的现代职业教育课程体系的建构逻辑与实践路径

Construction Logic and Practice Path of System of Modern Vocational Education Curriculum Based on the Integration of "Society, Life and Occupation"

通过综合吸收学科中心主义、经验中心主义、社会改造主义这三种课程理论的优点,确立了基于“社会·生活·职业”融合的现代职业教育课程体系的建构逻辑,即完善分科课程体系、重视学生生活经验的获得、强调对社会人的培养。然而,当前我国职业教育课程体系依然存在或学科导向、或技能导向,且与生产劳动和社会生活链接度不高等现象,主要表现在:一是职业教育课程目标缺乏对完整人的关照,过于关注专业发展;二是职业教育课程内容重理论知识轻实践知识,与生产、社会和生活联系不紧密;三是职业教育课程实施以理论讲授为主,实施主体以学校为主;四是职业教育课程评价主体单一,评价方式以结果为导向。基于以上问题,探寻了基于“社会·生活·职业”融合的现代职业教育课程体系的实践路径:确定知识、能力和素质三维均衡发展的课程目标;架构社会、生活与生产相融合的课程内容;坚持实践导向与知行合一的课程实施理念;构建多元综合的真实性、过程性课程评价方式。

By comprehensive absorbing the advantages of three curriculum theories:discipline centrism,experience centrism and social transformation,this paper establishes the construction logic of modern vocational education curriculum system based on the integration of"society,life and occupation":that is,perfecting the subject curriculum system,paying attention to the acquisition of students'life experience,and emphasizing the cultivation of social people.However,at present,there are still some phenomena in China's vocational education curriculum system,such as discipline orientation or skill orientation,and low link with production labor and social life,which are mainly reflected in:first,the curriculum objectives of vocational education lack the care of complete people and pay too much attention to professional development;second,the content of vocational education curriculum emphasizes theoretical knowledge rather than practical knowledge,which is not closely linked with production,society and life;third,the implementation of vocational education curriculum is mainly theoretical teaching,and the implementation subject is mainly school;fourth,the evaluation subject of vocational education curriculum is single,and the evaluation method is result oriented.Based on the above problems,this paper constructs the practical path of modern vocational education curriculum system based on the integration of"society,life and occupation":determine the curriculum goal of three-dimensional balanced development of knowledge,ability and quality;structure the curriculum content integrating society,life and production;adhere to the curriculum implementation concept of unity of practice orientation and knowledge and practice;build a diversified and comprehensive authentic and process curriculum evaluation method.