英那河水库消落带草本植物物种多样性研究

Study on the Species Diversity of Herbaceous Plants in the Hydro-Fluctuating Zone of Yingna River Reservoir

水库消落带是特殊的水陆交互地带,分析了消落带植物种对环境资源利用状况,基于英那河水库消落带23个草本植物群落样方调查数据,应用α、β多样性指数测度了植物群落物种多样性沿土壤水分梯度的变化规律。结果表明:①消落带共有17科40属48种草本植物,植物区系地理成分以世界分布成分为主,北温带分布和泛热带分布成分次之,植物生活习性以旱生、湿生为主,中生次之。②消落带自陆地向水域随着土壤水分的增加,群落的α多样性指数(Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数、Simpson指数)逐步下降;β多样性指数(Sorensen相似性指数、Cody指数)也呈下降态势,反映出消落带草本植物种逐渐由旱生向湿生演替。英那河水库消落带草本植物对环境资源利用较充分,物种组成与分布在自然状态下经过演替达到相对稳定状态。研究结果可为水库消落带的植被保护、水环境生态安全的维护提供理论依据。

As a special water-land interaction zone,the water-level fluctuating zone of the reservoir is used to analyze the utilization of environmental resources by plant species in the water-level fluctuating zone,so as to provide theoretical basis for the protection of vegetation and the maintenance of the ecological safety of the water environment in the water-level fluctuating zone of the reservoir.Based on the survey data of 23 herbaceous plant communities in the water-level-fluctuating zone of Yingna river Reservoir,theαandβdiversity indexes were used to measure the variation law of plant community species diversity along the soil moisture gradient.①There are 48 species,40 genera and 17 families of herbaceous plants in the water-level fluctuating zone.The geographical components of the flora are mainly distributed in the world,followed by the distribution in the northern temperate zone and the pan-tropical zone.The living habits are mainly xerophytes and wet plants,followed by mesophytes.②As the soil moisture increases,the alpha diversity index(Margalef index,Shannon-Wiener index,Pielou index,Simpson index)of the community decreases gradually from the land to the waters of the water level;The Beta diversity index(Sorensen similarity index and Cody index)also showed a downward trend,reflecting the gradual succession of herbaceous plants in the water-level fluctuating zone from xerophyte to wet.It is concluded that the herbaceous plants in the water-level fluctuation zone of Yingna river Reservoir have relatively fully utilized environmental resources,and the species composition and distribution have reached a stable state after succession in the natural state.