晚清小说中的新女性叙事及其表现形态

New Female Narration and Its Manifestation in Late Qing Novels

晚清小说的新女性叙事主要有女学生、女医者和女志士三种类型。女学生主要在学堂学习西方自然科学与社会科学知识,与传统女性相比,她们的知识结构产生了很大变化。女医者在医生—病人的二元结构中居于主动的位置,她们能看到“疾病”的根源,并主动施以疗救。女志士期望在国家危亡之际,能够像男性一样肩负起救国的责任,往往以反抗朝廷与创办实业为志业。晚清小说中的新女性叙事既是她们事迹的历史记录,也是对她们积极参与改造国家与社会的颂扬。

There are three types of new female narration in late Qing novels:female students,female doctors and female politicians.Female students mainly study western natural science and social science in school,and their knowledge structure had changed greatly compared with traditional women.Women doctors took the initiative in the doctor-patient dual structure.They were able to see the springhead of the“disease”,and took initiative to cure it.When the country was in danger,women patriots expected to shoulder the responsibility of saving the country just like men.Rebellion against the imperial court and running industry were generally taken by them as their career.The new female narration in the late Qing novels is not only the historical record of their deeds,but also the praise of their active participation in the transformation of the country and society.