考虑碳税和易腐品的班轮加油策略与航速优化

Liner Refueling Strategy and Speed Optimization Considering Carbon Tax and Perishables

在碳税机制下,考虑到易腐品特殊性质,航运企业优化班轮航速并制定加油策略是项重要决策。从航运企业角度出发,以实现包括船舶固定成本、加油成本、易腐品腐坏成本、冷藏成本及碳税在内的班轮总运营成本最小为目标,建立起混合整数非线性规划模型。针对模型特点,运用分段线性逼近法对油耗函数及易腐品腐坏函数进行线性化处理并求解。以实际班轮航线为例,依次分析港口燃油价格、到港时间窗和碳税率对航运企业决策的影响。研究结果可为运输易腐品的集装箱班轮公司选择加油港、确定加油量以及优化航速等提供科学依据。

Under the carbon tax mechanism,considering the special nature of perishables,it is an important decision for shipping companies to optimize liner speed and formulate fueling strategies.From the perspective of shipping companies,a mixed integer nonlinear programming model was established to achieve the minimum total cost of liner operation including fixed costs of ships,fueling costs,asset decay cost,refrigerated costs and carbon taxes.According to the characteristics of the proposed model,the piecewise linear approximation method was used to linearize and solve the fuel consumption function and perishable product deterioration function.Taking the actual liner route as an example,the effects of port fuel price,arrival time window and carbon tax rate on the decision-making of shipping companies were analyzed in turn.The research results can provide scientific basis for container liner companies transporting perishables to choose refueling ports,determine refueling volume and optimize speed.