异质及边缘:“亭子间文人”的生存空间与身份形塑

Heterogeneity and Marginality:The Living Space and Identity Shape of the"Literati in the Tingzijian"

“亭子间文人”最初由毛泽东提出,但学界对其概念的界定游移于泛化与单向化两端。“亭子间”的空间压迫映射于文人对“近端秩序”与“远端秩序”的感知,前者使其在与棚户区底层工人、上海普通市民的相处中呈现异质性面貌,因此距“大众文艺”亦远,后者在纵向形态上通过文化资本、社会资本与文学场中心的比照中显映“亭子间文人”的边缘性窘境。与此同时,“亭子间”的飞地特质,使得青年文人的聚居生态进一步被塑成,并加强了左联的力量。两代“亭子间文人”沿着文学生产机制的上升途径实现从边缘到中心的位移,但“亭子间文人”中产生的分化亦具有更大的阐释空间。

The"literati in the Tingzijian"(which means literati in the pavilion)was originally proposed by Mao Zedong,but the definition of its concept wandered between generalization and unidirectionalization.The space oppression of the"Tingzijian"mirrors the literati′s perception of the"proximal order"and the"remote order".The former makes the literati appear heterogeneous in getting along with the bottom workers in shanty towns and the ordinary citizens of Shanghai,so it is also far from the"popular literature and art",while the latter reflects the marginal dilemma of the"literati in the Tingzijian"in the vertical form through the comparison of cultural capital,social capital and the center of the literary field.At the same time,the enclave characteristics of the"Tingzijian"have further shaped the habitation ecology of young literati,and strengthened the power of the Left League.The two generations of"literati in the Tingzijian"moved from the margin to the center along the ascending path of the literary production mechanism,but the differentiation among the"literati in the Tingzijian"also has more room for interpretation.