现代性唤起与“新中国”图景勾勒:创刊初期《人民画报》(1950-1956)的视觉建构与意义再现

Aroused Modernity and Outline the Images of“New China”:Visual Construction and Meaning Reproduction of China Pictorial(1950-1956)

作为新中国成立初的主流视觉媒介,画报的传播影响着社会现代化进程并发挥特殊的社会文化作用。本文关切当代画报史研究,基于图像学研究和阐释史的理论方法路径,以创刊初期《人民画报》为对象,考察画报图像的视觉建构及其现代性话语塑造,进一步阐释其视觉现代性的实践如何形塑关于"新中国"的媒介图景。研究发现:《人民画报》生产出与四种典型主题类型相关的视觉框架,并形成了对应的现代性话语实践。而现代性话语形成社会影响的过程,一方面得益于经由主题图式继承后的画报图像对观者所开展的持续性的视觉培养,另一方面,画报图像对中国现代性的视觉演绎也在不断唤起以工农兵为典型主体的人民群众的现代性意识,推动其参与到新中国的现代化改造之中。基于上述,最终促进了人民群众面向全新社会历史语境的主体性建构及其对全新民族国家共同体的确认和想象,构成标注视觉现代性的一种意义注脚。

As the mainstream visual media in the early days of the founding of People’s Republic of China,the spread of pictorials deeply influenced the country’s social modernization and played a special social and cultural role.This paper studies the history of contemporary pictorials.Based on the theoretical and methodological approaches in iconology and hermeneutic history,taking China Pictorial in early ages as the research object,the paper focuses on how the pictorial helped to construct visual images and shape modern discourses.Then the study further explains how the practices of visual modernity in China Pictorial shaped the media images of a new China.The study found that China Pictorial,in its early days,produced four typical types of visual frameworks and correspondingly formed modern discourse practices.Various modern discourses gained its social influence with two causes.On the one hand,the pictorial images continuously cultivated the visual habits of the viewers through its inheritance of theme schema.On the other hand,the visual interpretation of Chinese modernity by pictorial images was also constantly arousing the consciousness of modernity of people with workers,peasants and soldiers as the typical subjects,who were promoted to participate in the modernization of China.Based on the above paths,it finally promoted the construction of the subjectivity of people with workers,peasants and soldiers as the typical subjects in the face of the new social and historical context,and their confirmation and imagination of the new nation-state community.These has added fresh denotation to the unique significance of visual modernity.