柑橘溃疡病综合防控技术研究进展

Comprehensive Control Technology of Citrus Bacterial Canker Disease: A Review

为更好地防控柑橘溃疡病,全面了解柑橘溃疡病的病原、寄主的抗病机制及防控技术,本文对柑橘溃疡病的病原及寄主抗病机制进行归纳,并从检验检疫、抗病品种、化学防治、生物防治、植物源杀菌剂、病虫草综合防治等方面,对柑橘溃疡病的防控技术进行概述。目前,柑橘溃疡病在国内的发生呈蔓延趋势,其病原为柑橘黄单胞杆菌柑橘亚种(Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri),病原菌主要从气孔、伤口等处侵入植株,叶片气孔密度及表层蜡质与植株抗性之间存在相关性。病害防控技术研究集中在化学防治、抗病品种、生物防治及植物源杀菌剂等方面,在检验检疫及病虫草综合防治方面的研究较少。当前,柑橘溃疡病的防治仍以化学防治为主,未见免疫品种,建议在非疫区实行严格的检验检疫,严防柑橘溃疡病的传入;在已发病地区进行综合防治,科学用药,减少化学药剂的使用量。

The paper aims to control citrus bacterial canker, and understand the pathogen of citrus bacterial canker, resistance mechanisms of citrus and control technology. It summarized the present research status of pathogen of citrus bacterial canker and the resistance mechanisms of citrus, and introduced the control technology of citrus bacterial canker from the aspects of inspection and quarantine, resistant varieties,chemical control, biological control, botanical fungicides and comprehensive control of pest, disease and weed.At present, the occurrence of citrus bacterial canker is spreading in China, the pathogen is Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, mainly invades plants from stomata and wounds. The stoma density and epicuticular wax of leaf are correlated with the resistance to canker disease. There are more researches on chemical control, resistant varieties, biological control and botanical fungicides, and fewer on comprehensive control of pest, disease and weed. Chemical control is still the main way to control citrus bacterial canker, and there are no immune varieties. It is suggested that strict inspection and quarantine should be carried out in non epidemic areas to prevent the introduction of citrus bacterial canker. Comprehensive prevention and treatment should be conducted in the areas where the disease has occurred, and the use of chemicals should be reduced.