构式视阈下外交拒绝言语行为研究

The Speech Act of Diplomatic Refusal: A Construction Perspective

"X+建议你+VP"构式是英语中常见的言语行为表达型式,具有独特的语用功能。然而针对该构式在外交语境中的语用功能研究尚不多见。本研究基于自建中国外交部发言人答记者问语料库,探讨该构式在外交语境下实施拒绝言语行为的语言学特征、所体现的语用策略及所实现的语用功能。研究发现:1)该构式语言形式多样;2)就功能而言,该构式除表达建议外,还实现拒绝功能;3)该构式在直接拒绝中作为礼貌补偿策略,实现表明立场、缓和语气、进行评价的功能;在间接拒绝中作为拒绝策略,实现解释原因、提供他选和拒绝回答的功能。本研究拓展了外交言语行为研究的理论视角,对外交话语构式研究具有理论和实践意义。

The construction of"X+suggest you+VP"is a frequently used linguistic expression of speech act in English and performs a unique pragmatic function.However,research on the pragmatic function of this construction in diplomacy is rare.Based on a self-built corpus of the Q&As during the Press Conferences given by the Spokespersons of the Chinese M inistry of Foreign Affairs,this study explores the linguistic realizations,pragmatic strategies and pragmatic functions of the construction in performing the speech act of refusal in diplomacy.The findings are as follows:1)The construction varies in linguistic realizations;2)In terms of function,the construction not only expresses suggestions,but also performs the function of refusal;3)In direct refusal,as a politeness compensation strategy,it serves the functions of expressing a position,softening the tone,and providing evaluating comments.In indirect refusal,as a refusal strategy,it serves the functions of explaining reasons,offering alternatives,and declining to provide a response.This study expands the theoretical perspective of speech act research in diplomatic discourse and has theoretical and practical significance for the study of diplomatic discourse construction.