2016—2018年四川省消除疟疾阶段传疟媒介按蚊监测结果分析

Analysis of Surveillance Results of Anopheline Vectors During Malaria Elimination in Sichuan Province

目的分析四川省消除疟疾阶段传疟媒介按蚊种群和密度,为输入性疟疾在本地的传播风险评估和消除疟疾后监测提供科学依据。方法四川省2016—2018年分别设立38、56和24个疟疾媒介监测点,采用诱蚊灯全通宵捕蚊法开展按蚊种群监测,采用双帐人饵通宵诱捕法开展按蚊密度监测,所得数据采用描述性统计方法进行分析。结果2016—2018年监测点共捕获按蚊20302只,其中中华按蚊(Anopheles sinensis)19687只(96.97%),嗜人按蚊(Anopheles anthropophagus)615只(3.03%)。25个监测点捕获嗜人按蚊,占监测点总数的21.19%。监测点双帐人饵通宵诱捕法中华按蚊平均密度为0.86只/(人·h),嗜人按蚊平均密度为0.03只/(人·h)。结论中华按蚊是四川省优势按蚊种类,局部地区有嗜人按蚊分布。四川省存在输入性疟疾引起本地再传播风险,需要继续加强疟疾传播媒介的监测和输入性疟疾病例的调查处置,防止继发传播。

Objective To analyze the population and density of the anopheline vectors of malaria during the malaria elimination stage in Sichuan province,and to provide scientific basis for assessing the local transmission risk of imported malaria and conducting the surveillance work after malaria elimination.Methods The population and density of Anopheles mosquitoes were investigated by using the overnight mosquito trapping and the double-tented of overnight human trapping method respectively in 38,56 and 24 malaria vector monitoring points which were set up from 2016 to2018 respectively.Results A total of 20,302 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured from 2016 to2018,including 19867(96.97%)Anopheles sinensis,615(3.03%)Anopheles anthropophagus.Anopheles anthropophagus were captured from 25 monitoring points,acconting for 21.19%.The average density of Anopheles sinensis was 0.86/(person·hour)which were detected by using the double-tented of overnight human trapping method,and the average density of Anopheles anthropophagus was 0.03/(person·hour).Conclusion Anopheles sinensis is the dominant species of Anopheles in Sichuan province,and Anopheles anthropophagus is distributed in some areas.The risk of local retransmission caused by imported malaria is existed in Sichuan province.It is necessary to continue to strengthen the surveillance of malaria vectors and the investigation and treatment of imported malaria cases to prevent secondary transmission.