让步义“总”字句的非典型陈述句特征及其交互主观性

The atypical intonation of concession sentences with zong(总):A perspective of intersubjectivity

"总"字句用于辩解或说服时通常带有一定的让步义,其中以"总+能愿动词+VP""总+比较结构""X总行(了)吧"等最为常见。这类句子通常带有求认同语气,有的还略带感叹语气,属于兼具疑问和感叹色彩的非典型陈述句,在书面上体现为句号、问号和感叹号的使用都很常见。实验显示让步义"总"字句语调走势介于陈述句和疑问句之间,反映了其句类归属的模糊性和语调特征的非典型性。"总"字句不仅因让步义体现出对听话人的关注,而且其求认同语气可以邀约互动和避免生硬绝对,具有一定的交互主观性。

Concession sentences with zong(总)is usually used to express defense or persuasion,among which the structures of"zong+modal+VP","zong+comparative structure"and"X+zong+xing(行)+(le(了))+ba(吧)"are the most commonly seen in discourse.Often containing a tone which expects approval or expresses exclamative mood,these sentences are atypical declaratives mingled with interrogative or exclamative features.Thus,when written down they can be ended by periods,question marks or exclamation marks.Besides,questionnaire surveys and statistics suggest that the intonation type of concession sentences with zong lies somewhere between that of typical declaratives and that of interrogatives.The atypicality in terms of intonation also leads to the indeterminacy of their sentence type.In addition,by uttering concession sentences with zong,the addressors also present concern with the addressees by their act of conceding.The approval-expecting tone shows the involvement of inter-subjectivity by inviting interaction and avoiding addressors’hegemony.