2~3岁幼儿执行功能与母子互动的关系:幼儿气质的调节作用

The Relationship between Mother⁃child Interaction and Executive Function of 2~3⁃year⁃old Children:Moderating Effect of Children’s Temperament

研究考察幼儿气质与母子互动质量对执行功能的作用。160名2~3岁幼儿及其母亲(主要抚养者)完成了亲子互动任务,然后幼儿完成工作记忆、认知灵活性与抑制控制的测查任务。结果发现母子互动质量对幼儿认知灵活性有显著预测作用,幼儿努力控制负向调节母子互动与认知灵活性的关系,即幼儿努力控制维度得分越高,母子互动对幼儿认知灵活性的作用越小。研究表明幼儿气质与亲子互动质量的交互作用解释幼儿执行功能的发展水平。

This study examined the effects of child temperament and the quality of mother⁃child interaction on chil⁃dren’s executive function at an early stage of development.Executive function tasks,questionnaires on child effort⁃ful control(a sub⁃scale of child temperament)were administrated to 160 children and their mothers(main caregiv⁃ers).Mother⁃child interactions during a jigsaw puzzle task were videotaped and coded.Findings showed that quali⁃ty of mother⁃child interaction was a significant predictor of children’s cognitive flexibility;and child effortful con⁃trol played a negative moderating role between mother⁃child interaction and children’s cognitive flexibility.Find⁃ings implied how child temperament interacted with the quality of mother⁃child interaction in predicting early devel⁃opment of executive function.