兆瓦级热管反应堆系统初步设计及堆芯“核—热—力”耦合方法研究

Conceptual Design of Megawatt Class Heat Pipe Cooled Reactor Mobile Nuclear Power System and the Investigation of Neutron-Thermal-Mechanics Coupling Method

针对路基移动电源系统实际需求,参考国内外移动核电源系统设计,提出新型兆瓦级热管反应堆移动核电源系统概念设计。其中,反应堆采用基于模块化设计的钨基底弥散燃料组件与中心控制棒组件,使用高温钠热管将堆芯裂变热非能动传递至热电转换系统。热电转换系统由开式空气布雷顿循环耦合闭式混合工质朗肯循环共同组成,实现高效的能量转换。针对热管固态反应堆存在的材料热膨胀、热管吸热、形变反应性反馈等独特过程,提出基于反应堆蒙卡输运程序RMC与开源程序OpenFOAM的堆芯“核—热—力”耦合计算方法。选择典型热管固态堆KRUSTY为研究对象,对该反应堆的负载跟踪过程进行模拟,计算结果与实验结果符合良好,证明该方法的正确性和有效性,且该方法及其程序能够作为热管固态堆堆芯设计的有效工具。

Aiming at the actual requirement of mobile power system,based on the designs of the mobile nuclear power system proposed by foreign countries,a new concept of heat pipe cooled reactor system with a megawatt class is proposed.For this reactor system,dispersion fuel with metal element and control rod element are adopted to form the reactor core.Alkali metal heat pipes are used for transporting fission heat to thermoelectric conversion system.Thermoelectric conversion system is composed of open-air Brayton cycle coupled with closed Rankine cycle,which can achieve efficient energy conversion.Aiming at the unique physical processes of heat pipe cooled reactor,such as thermal expansion,heat pipe heat absorption,deformation reactivity feedback,a neutronics-thermal-mechanics multi-physics coupling method is proposed based on the reactor Monte Carlo code RMC independently developed by the research team and open source code OpenFOAM.Choosing the typical heat pipe cooled reactor KRUSTY as the research object.The load-following transient is simulated using this method.The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results,which proves the correctness and effectiveness of the method.It can be used as an effective tool for the design of heat pipe cooled reactor.