精神科医师转岗培训学员的精神卫生服务现状及心理压力和职业幸福感调查

Survey of mental health service status,psychological stress and occupational well-being among psychiatrists undergoing job transfer training

目的调查精神科医师转岗培训学员的精神卫生服务现状及心理压力和职业幸福感。方法采取整群抽样方法,对132名湛江地区第一期到第五期精神科医师转岗培训考核合格且目前从事精神卫生服务的学员采用一般资料问卷、《中文版知觉压力量表》(CPSS)、《医务工作者职业幸福感量表》进行调查,并依CPSS得分将其分为低心理压力组(≤25分)和高心理压力组(>25分)进行分析。结果精神科医师转岗培训学员所在单位级别和单位性质以乡镇级和乡/镇/社区医院为主,分别占79.2%和73.6%。其心理压力均分为(21.22±6.98)分,高心理压力状态发生率为24.0%。不同年龄、家庭总月收入、兴趣爱好的精神科医师转岗培训学员心理压力水平有差异(P<0.05)。职业幸福感总体均分为(79.46±15.98)分。从事目前精神卫生工作前的转岗培训意愿、兴趣爱好、家庭总月收入等特征分别对职业幸福感及各维度中某一种得分存在影响(P<0.05)。高心理压力组较低心理压力组的职业幸福感总分及身心健康维度、价值能力体现维度、社会支持维度差(P<0.05)。结论精神科医师转岗培训学员主要于基层服务,其心理压力较小,主要来源于"经济压力"和"工作与生活的矛盾";其职业幸福感处于中上水平,应加强关注从事目前精神卫生工作前的转岗培训意愿和经济收入状况。

Objective To investigate the current situation of mental health services,psychological stress and occupational well-being of psychiatric transfer trainees.Methods By cluster sampling,132 trainees who passed the first to fifth phases of psychiatric transfer training and were currently engaged in mental health services in Zhanjiang were investigated by general data questionnaire,Chinese version of perceived stress scale(CPSS)and medical workers’occupational well-being scale.According to the CPSS score,they were divided into low psychological stress group(≤25 points)and high psychological stress group(>25 points).Results The level and nature of the hospitals where the trainees worked were mainly township level and township/town/community hospitals,accounting for 79.2%and 73.6%respectively.The average score of psychological stress was(21.22±6.98),and the incidence of high psychological stress was 24.0%.There was a significant difference in the psychological stress level among the psychiatrists in different ages,family incomes and hobbies(P<0.05).The overall average score of occupational well-being was(79.46±15.98).The characteristics of job transfer training willingness,interests and hobbies and total monthly family incomes before engaging in current mental health work had an impact on occupational well-being and a certain score in each dimension(P<0.05).The total score of occupational well-being,physical and mental health,value ability and social support in the high psychological stress group was lower than that in the low psychological stress group(P<0.05).Conclusions The trainees attending psychiatrists’job transfer training mainly serve at the primary level,and their psychological pressure is low,mainly from"economic pressure"and"contradiction between work and life".Their occupational well-being is at the upper middle level,so we should pay more attention to their willingness to transfer training before engaging in current mental health work and their economic income status.