儿童门诊静脉输注抗生素的危险因素分析及相关干预措施

Analysis of risk factors of occurrence of diarrhea after antibiotic infusion treatment in children’s outpatient clinics and related nursing measures

目的分析对儿童门诊抗生素输液治疗后出现相关腹泻的危险因素,探讨相关护理措施效果。方法选择2019年1月至2020年7月门诊抗生素输液治疗后腹泻的儿童患者140例为腹泻组,同时选择同期抗生素输液治疗后未出现腹泻的儿童患者120例为未腹泻组,对抗生素相关腹泻危险因素进行分析;腹泻组组内分组,其中对照组患者接受基础护理干预,研究组患者采取临床护理措施干预,对比患者的临床护理结果。结果单因素分析,儿童出现抗生素相关腹泻的危险因素包括年龄、病情程度、微生态制剂、研究抗生素种类等(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示抗生素不合理使用以及年龄是儿童门诊出现抗生素相关腹泻的危险因素,而使用微生态制剂则属于保护因素(P<0.05);研究组患者的细菌标本合格率、腹泻持续时间、抗生素用药时间、以及护理满意度评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论导致儿童门诊输液治疗中,出现抗生素相关腹泻的危险因素为抗生素不合理使用、以及年龄,而合理使用微生态制剂则是有效保护因素,对出现抗生素相关腹泻的儿童患者进行临床护理干预,可以减少患者出现腹泻几率,缩短持续时间,并减少抗生素的时间,改善护患关系。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of occurrence of diarrhea after antibiotic infusion treatment in children’s outpatient clinics and related nursing measures.Methods A total of 140 children patients who suffered from diarrhea after treated by antibiotics in our hospital from January 2019 to July 2020 were enrolled as observation group,at the same time,the other 120 patients without antibiotic-related diarrhea were enrolled as control group.Moreover the patients in observation group were redivided into control group receiving basic nursing intervention,and research group receiving clinical nursing interventions.The clinical nursing results were observed and compared between the two groups.In addition risk factors of antibiotic-related diarrhea were analyzed.Results The univariate analysis showed that the risk factors for children with antibiotic-related diarrhea included age,disease severity,microecological preparations,type of antibiotics types(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the irrational use of antibiotics and patient’s age were risk factors,however,probiotics were protective factor(P<0.05).Moreover the qualification rate of bacterial specimens,duration of diarrhea,antibiotic medication time,and nursing satisfaction scores in research group were superior to those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion In children’s outpatient clinics,the risk factors for antibiotic-related diarrhea are irrational use of antibiotics and patient’s age,however,the rational use of microecological preparations is an effective protective factor.To take clinical nursing intervention for children with antibiotic-related diarrhea can reduce the incidence of diarrhea,shorten the disease duration and the time of antibiotics use,so as to improve the nurse-patient relationship.