油纸绝缘新型老化表征物研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of New Aging Characterization of Oil-paper Insulation

油浸式电力变压器作为电网的核心设备,其绝缘性能和运行状况直接影响电网的安全与稳定。油纸绝缘系统在变压器的长期运行过程中会发生老化降解,使得变压器绝缘可靠性逐渐降低。随着对变压器绝缘老化状态评估要求的日趋精确和现代检测技术的不断发展,越来越多的新型老化表征物及其检测分析方法涌现出来。该文首先详细分析以降解产物为特征量的变压器油纸绝缘老化状态的传统表征物及其应用方法,如油中糠醛、CO和CO_(2)。之后,对国内外电力变压器油纸绝缘新型老化表征物研究进展进行综述,分析新型老化表征物研究的关键推动因素,并总结正在研究中的油纸绝缘新型老化表征物如甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、丙酮、有机酸等,剖析各种表征物在不同老化阶段的特征及与老化程度的相关性,归纳不同特征物的检测手段。在此基础上,提出亟待解决的关键问题,如现阶段实际应用中判据的制定仍需深入研究等,并对后续新型表征物在变压器油浸绝缘纸老化评估方面的前景做出展望。

As the core equipment of power grid,oil-immersed power transformer's insulation performance and operation status directly affect the safety and stability of power grid.The oil-paper insulation system will degrade during the long-term operation of the transformer,which makes the insulation reliability of the transformer decrease gradually.With the development of modern detection technology and the increasingly accurate requirements for the evaluation of aging status of transformer insulation,more and more new aging characterization materials and their detection and analysis methods have emerged.In this paper,the degradation products such as furfural,CO and CO_(2) in oil,which are the traditional characterization of aging state of transformer oil-paper insulation,were analyzed in detail,and their application methods were summarized.Then the research progress of new aging characterization of power transformer oil-paper insulation at home and abroad was summarized.The key driving factors of new aging characterization were analyzed,and the new aging characterization of oil-paper insulation under study,such as methanol,ethanol,ethylene glycol,acetone,organic acid and so on,were summarized.The characteristics of various characterization objects in different aging stages and their correlation with aging degree were analyzed,and the detection methods of different characterization objects were summarized.On this basis,this paper put forward the key problems that need to be solved urgently,such as the formulation of criteria in practical application at present,and looked forward to the future application of new characterization objects in aging evaluation and life prediction of transformer oil-immersed insulating paper.