美国户外休闲产业区域竞争力评价及主导项目选择研究——基于偏离—份额分析法的分析

A study on the evaluation of regional competitiveness of outdoor recreation industry in the United States and the selection of its leading projects--Analysis based on Shift-Share Method

户外休闲产业是美国经济的支柱产业,对其区域竞争力评价(项目结构分析)及主导项目选择进行研究,对于我国户外休闲产业健康、可持续发展有重要的借鉴价值。本文收集美国51个州(区)2012-2017年19个户外休闲核心项目数据,运用偏离-份额分析法(SSM),对美国九个地区的户外休闲产业区域竞争力及主导项目选择进行研究。研究表明:(1)南大西洋和山岳地区的户外休闲产业总体发展速度高于全国平均水平;中部东北、中部西北、大西洋、中部东南和中部西南5个地区的户外休闲核心项目结构合理,且结构效应对所在地区户外休闲产业发展起促进作用;南大西洋、山岳和太平洋3个地区的户外休闲核心项目总体竞争力较强,在全国的地位呈上升趋势。(2)筛选出美国九个地区户外休闲产业的主导项目,地区间的主导项目存在较大差异。

Outdoor recreation industry is the pillar industry of American economy.The study of its regional competitiveness evaluation(project structure analysis)and leading project selection is of great reference value to the healthy and sustainable development of outdoor recreation industry in China.Based on the data of 19 core outdoor recreation projects in 51 states(regions)from 2012 to 2017,this paper studies the regional competitiveness and leading project selection of outdoor recreation industry in nine regions of the United States by using the method of deviation share analysis(SSM).The results show that:1)The overall development speed of Outdoor recreation industry in the South Atlantic and mountain areas is higher than the national average level;the structure of core Outdoor recreation projects in the five regions of the northeast,northwest,Atlantic,Southeast and southwest is reasonable,and the structural effect promotes the development of Outdoor recreation industry in the region;the Outdoor recreation industry in the three regions of the South Atlantic,mountain and Pacific The overall competitiveness of core projects is strong,and their position in the country is on the rise.2)The leading projects of Outdoor recreation industry in nine regions of the United States are screened out,and there are great differences in the leading projects among regions.