2004—2017年浙江湖州市乙型病毒性肝炎的流行趋势

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B between 2004 and 2017 in Huzhou

【目的】了解湖州市2004—2017年乙型病毒性肝炎的流行病学特征,为乙肝防控工作提供科学依据。【方法】采用描述性流行病学对湖州市2004—2017年乙肝疫情资料进行分析。【结果】2004—2017年湖州市累计报告乙肝病例16685例,年均报告发病率为41.58/10万,年报告发病率整体呈下降趋势(χ^(2)=5094.667,P<0.01)。男性发病率高于女性(χ^(2)=2619.143,P<0.01),且男女发病率均呈下降趋势(男:χ^(2)=3408.813,P<0.01;女:χ^(2)=1716.388,P<0.01)。病例集中在20~60岁年龄组,占83.0%。职业以农民为主,占报告病例总数的52.41%。累计报告病例居前3位者是长兴县4584例(27.47%),吴兴区4356例(26.11%),安吉县3192例(19.13%),其中,长兴县年均发病率最高(50.10/10万)。【结论】湖州市近14年乙肝疫情呈下降趋势,以成年人发病为主。应加强成年人群的乙肝防控,鼓励高危人群接种乙肝疫苗,以进一步降低乙肝发病率。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B(HB)in Huzhou from 2004 to 2017 in order to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of HB.[Methods]Descriptive epidemiologic methods were used to analyze the data of HB cases in Huzhou city,2004-2017.[Results]A total of 16685 HB cases were reported in Huzhou from 2004 to 2017.The average annual incidence of HB was 41.58/105.Incidence tended to decrease(χ^(2)=5094.667,P<0.01).The incidence of HB among males was higher than that among females(χ^(2)=2619.143,P<0.01),and the incidence rate among males and females both tended to decrease(male:χ^(2)=3408.813,P<0.01;female:χ^(2)=1716.388,P<0.01).Of the reported case of HB,83.0%involved individuals between 20 and 60 years of age.Most of the patients were farmers,accounting for 52.41%of the total cases.The top three districts reporting high case numbers were Changxing(4584 cases(27.47%)),Wuxing(4356 cases(26.11%)),Anji(3192 cases(19.13%)),while the top county/district of the annual incidence was Changxing(50.10/105).[Conclusion]Incidence of HB kept decreasing between 2004 and 2017 in Huzhou.Adults are the key population vulnerable to HB virus.To further reduce the incidence of HB,it is necessary to strengthen the prevention of HB and HB vaccination rate among high-risk groups.