更路簿时代西、南沙岛礁移民问题初探

A Preliminary Study of the Immigration Issues of Xisha and Nansha Islands in the Perspective of Genglubu

晚明以来,海南渔民在西、南沙岛礁长时段的渔业实践中,产生了以《更路簿》为指引的航海指南。移民数量决定着南海岛礁开发程度,晚明至清代早期,西沙东部海域渔民约100人;清中期,西沙海域并向南沙推进,约500人规模;民国之后南沙深度开发,数量在700~1000人。系统梳理渔民岛礁生活实况及其在抗击外国侵略者行为等,对完善南海维权的民间证据大有助益。

In the late Ming dynasty,the fishermen of Hainan produced a marine navigation guide called Genglubu through their long fishing practice in the marine area of Xisha and Nansha Islands.The number of immigrants was a determining factor for the development of this marine area.From the late Ming dynasty to the early Qing dynasty,there were about 100 fishermen in the eastern waters of Xisha Islands;in the middle of the Qing dynasty,there were about 500 fishermen in the marine area of Xisha Islands and they gradually moved to the marine area of Nansha Islands.After the founding of the Republic of China and with a further development,there were about 700~1,000 fishermen in the marine area of Nansha Islands.A systematic study of the fishermen’s life in the marine area of these islands and their fighting against foreign aggressors will help safeguard our sovereignty over the South China Sea based on indisputable evidences in history.