近代我国南海主权教育的历史考察

A Historical Investigation of Sovereignty-oriented Education concerning the South China Sea in Early Modern China

近代是中国从天下观向主权观的转型时期,这不仅体现在对以主权和国家为中心的一系列概念的认知和诠释,更体现在国家主权观念觉醒之后对国家的集体认知感增强和主权教育的实施。南海作为近代中国国家观确立的重要体现,在“救亡图存”的特殊背景下,外部面对列强在南海的扩张与侵略,内部面对国民南海基本常识的了解较少和主权意识淡薄。经过“东沙岛交涉事件”“琼崖热血青年誓保西沙群岛运动”“九小岛事件”和“国民政府进驻西南沙群岛”等事件的刺激和影响,近代中国南海主权教育历经萌芽、发展、成熟,最终走向完善。通过加强南海主权教育,有效地提升了国民对南海知识的了解、增强了国民南海国家主权意识,展示了中国捍卫南海主权的意志和决心,构成了我国南海维权的有力证据。

Early modern China experienced a transformation period from the world view to the view of sovereignty,which was not only reflected in the cognition and interpretation of a series of concepts centered on sovereignty and state,but also reflected in the enhancement of the collective cognition of the state and the implementation of sovereignty-oriented education after the awakening of the concept of state sovereignty.The South China Sea was an important embodiment of the establishment of early modern China's concept of state,against the special background of“saving the nation from subjugation and ensuring its survival”,while the Chinese people then had relatively a poor understanding of the South China Sea and a weak sense of sovereignty in the face of the expansion and aggression of foreign powers in the South China Sea.After the Dongsha Islands Negotiations,“Movement of Qiongya Patriotic Youth Pledging to Protect the Xisha Islands”,“the Nine Islands Incident”and“the National Government Executing Sovereignty over Xisha and Nansha Islands”and other incidents,the sovereignty-oriented education concerning South China Sea in early modern times emerged,developed,and matured.Strengthening sovereignty-oriented education concerning the South China Sea effectively improved the people's understanding of the South China Sea,enhanced their awareness of national sovereignty over the South China Sea,and constituted a strong evidence of safeguarding our national sovereignty.