混菌固态培养生产玉米皮发酵饲料工艺条件的研究

Solid-state fermentation of corn bran with mixed probiotics for bio-feed production

研究以玉米皮和玉米浆为主要原料,添加一定量的黑曲霉菌渣和石膏,利用酿酒酵母、植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌混合益生菌进行固态培养生产发酵饲料。采用单因素试验和正交试验,以活菌数、粗蛋白含量和pH值为指标,考察装料量、初始pH值、含水量和接种量对饲料发酵的影响。结果显示,优化得出固态培养的工艺条件为装料量70%、初始pH值5.8、含水量55%、接种量12%。在该条件下,发酵5 d后,总活菌数为9.6×10;CFU/g,是发酵前的100倍,粗蛋白含量达21.2%,比发酵前增长14.3%,pH值4.8。玉米的表面结构在发酵过程中被破坏。该工艺为玉米深加工废弃物资源化利用提供新方法。

In the experiment, solid-state fermentation of corn bran and corn steep liquor was carried out with addition of a certain amount of Aspergillus niger residue and gypsum for the production of animal feed by probiotics(Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus planturum, Lactobacillus casei, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis). With viable count,crude protein content and pH variation as responses, the effect of loading amount, initial pH value, water content and inoculation on fermentation were studied by single factor and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that optimized parameters for solid-state fermentation were loading amount 70%, initial pH value 5.8, water content 55% and inoculum12%. Under the optimized condition, the total viable count was 9.6×109 CFU/g after 5 d culture, which was 100 times of before fermentation. The crude protein content was 21.2%, which was increased by 14.3%. The pH value was 4.8. The surface structure of corn was destroyed during the fermentation. The experiment provides a new method for the utilization of waste resources from corn deep processing.