清代州县承发房职能考辨——以清代《南部档案》为中心

Research on the Functions of the Chengfa Office in the Prefecture and County Yamen of the Qing Dynasty——Centered on Nanbu Archives

从清代《南部档案》及相关文献记载看,承发房是明清时期各级地方衙门普遍设立的房科,在州县行政中主要承担了处理文件、草拟文书、填謄状榜、管理代书、办理词讼、收缴词状规费等工作,这远比既有研究中以“秘书处”或“收发室”进行简单类比复杂得多,随着研究的深入,有关承发房相关问题的解决已指日可待。

According to Nanbu Archives of the Qing dynasty and the relevant records,Chengfa office is an official division generally set up at all levels of local government offices during the Ming and Qing dynasties.In the prefecture and county administration,it mainly undertook the work of processing documents,drafting documents,filling in official form for filing a lawsuit,taking charge of writing legal document for others,handling the litigation,collecting the fees and so on.The actual work in Chengfa office is much more complicated than that of"secretariat"or"mail room"mentioned in the existing research.With the deepening of the research,the solution of the problems related to Chengfa office is just around the corner.