唐宋禅籍与敦煌文献中的“子”缀词

The“Zi”Suffixes in the Zen Texts and Dunhuang Documents of the Tang and Song Dynasties

通过分类说明和对比分析唐宋禅籍与敦煌文献中的“子”缀词,认为唐五代时期词缀“子”不仅继承了前代名词后缀的用法,而且产生了前代没有的量词后缀、指示代词后缀的新用法;唐宋禅籍与敦煌文献的“子”缀词存在形同义近、形异义近、形同义异、此有彼无、选用“子”缀或“头”缀等种种现象;由此揭示唐宋口语词的方言色彩与地域特性,为认识汉语词缀的发展演变规律提供依据。

The classification and comparative analyses of the“zi(子)”suffixes in the Zen texts and Dunhuang documents of the Tang and Song dynasties show that the“zi(子)”suffixes of the Tang and Five dynasties periods not only inherited the usage of the noun suffixes of previous generations,but also produced new uses of the suffixes of measure and indicative pronouns that were not found in previous generations.The“zi(子)”affixes in the Zen texts and Dunhuang documents of the Tang and Song dynasties have these phenomena:‘same forms and similar in meanings”,“different forms and similar in meaning”,“same form but different in meanings”and“the“zi(子)”affixes only appearing in Dunhuang documents”.This paper reveals the dialectal and regional characteristics of the spoken words of the Tang and Song periods,and provides an identifiable ground for understanding the development and evolution of Chinese word affixes.