火龙珠种子无菌萌发研究

Study on Seed Aseptic Germination of Hypericum

[目的]建立火龙珠种子的无菌苗技术体系,为火龙珠的种苗快繁、种质保存、遗传转化及杂交实生苗获得等提供可行的技术途径。[方法]选择和采集4种不同大小的火龙珠果实进行灭菌、无菌播种和种子培养试验,调查记录种子的萌发情况。[结果]火龙珠果实的适宜灭菌方法是0.20%HgCl_(2)灭菌8~16 min;火龙珠不同种子的无菌萌发差异明显,相比其他3类果实的种子,最大横径为(11.19±0.21)mm、单果重(0.66±0.02)g的果实内种子发芽起始时间较早(30 d后),发芽持续时间较长(60 d),萌发频率较高(100%),发芽率较大(7.81±0.50)%,种子萌发形成的幼苗株高、叶片数、节间距、节段数、增殖系数等较大,幼苗生长势较强,是火龙珠无菌苗获得的适宜果实。[结论]通过选择合适的火龙珠果实进行种子无菌播种,可以建立火龙珠高效的无菌苗技术体系,且是一个重要的途径。

[Objective]To establish the aseptic seedling technical system of Hypericum by its seeds,in turn to provide one feasible technical approach for rapid propagation of seedling,germplasm conservation,genetic transformation,and hybrid seedling,etc.[Method]4 different types fruits of Hypericum were selected and gathered to carry out experiments of sterilization,aseptic seed sowing and seed culture.[Result]The results showed that a suitable approach for fruits of Hypericum was to treat 8-16 min by 0.20%HgCl_(2),and there was a great difference in different seeds aseptic germination of Hypericum.Compared with seeds in the other 3 kinds of fruits,fruits containing maximum diameter of(11.19±0.21)mm and single fruit weight of(0.66±0.02)g were suitable fruits for obtaining aseptic seedling of Hypericum,because its seed had earlier(30 d after aseptic seed sowing)and last for 60 d of seed germination,higher germination frequency of 100%,higher germination rate of(7.81±0.50)%,higher indexes of seedlings height,leaf number,knot spacing,sections and proliferation coefficients,and stronger seedling growth vigour.[Conclusion]It is the seed aseptic germination of these suitable Hypericum fruits that establish an efficient aseptic seedling technical system of Hypericum,which is an important approach.