阵列雷达鸟类回波信号精细建模与特征分析

Refined modeling and feature analysis of birds echoes for array radar

全国机场接连出现无人机"黑飞"扰航事件,而飞鸟成为无人机目标探测和识别的主要干扰,对其回波特性进行有效分析具有重要意义。提出了一种考虑鸟类实际电磁散射特性的回波信号精细建模方法。利用多层快速多极子算法计算3种典型扑翼姿态下的鸟类雷达散射截面积(RCS),根据鸟类目标运动特性设置扑翼姿态变化,与阵列天线鸟类回波信号模型相结合,实现任意观测点各通道鸟类回波信号的精细建模。实验结果表明,鸟类目标RCS因观测角度不同会有较大差异,侧方RCS值较前方和后方更大。考虑鸟类目标电磁散射特性的回波信号精细建模能够实现鸟类目标的精细化描述,所提方法为研究鸟类目标回波特性提供了参考。

The"black flying"incidents of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in airports have frequently happened across the country.As the main interference for the detection and identification of UAVs,the characteristics analysis for the echoes of flying birds is of great significance.A fined modeling method of bird echoes is proposed,which considers the actual electromagnetic scattering characteristics.The multi-layer fast multipole method is used to calculate the radar cross section(RCS)of birds in three typical flapping wing attitudes.The flapping wing attitude is calculated and combined with the signal propagation model for the array antenna.Then,the fined modeling of the bird echoes for each channel at any observation point is realized.Experimental results show that the RCS of birds varies greatly with different observation angles.The RCS value corresponding to the side irradiation is higher than that corresponding to the front and back irradiation.The fine modeling of bird echoes can demonstrate the fine description for the bird targets,which can provide the reference to study the echoes of birds.