微藻处理型废水及其特性研究进展

Research progress of wastewater processed by microalgae

微藻在异养条件下可利用废水中的各种营养物质生长,在去除废水中的高营养物质和金属元素的同时生产生物燃料、生物活性物质、饲料添加剂等有益成分,是实现废水净化与生物质生产耦合的一种生物技术平台,具有效益良好、可持续性强的特点。然而气候条件、废水成分差异等原因对微藻大规模培养产生影响。参考近年来国内外利用各种废水进行微藻养殖的研究,综述不同废水的特点及其对微藻养殖造成的影响,介绍废水存在的营养缺乏、底物抑制、毒性和共存微生物等问题的解决方案。

Nourishing heterotrophic microalgae by various nutrients in wastewater can remove nutrients and metal elements from wastewater,and produce biofuels,bioactive substances,feed additives and other beneficial ingredients at the same time.It is a biotechnological platform coupling wastewater purification and biomass production,which is both profitable and sustainable.However,different climatic conditions and wastewater composition have posed problems on the large-scale cultivation of microalgae.Recent domestic and international researches on microalgae culture by eutrophic wastewater described the influence of different wastewater characteristics on microalgae growth,and provided solutions for the nutrient deficiency,substrate inhibition,toxicity and co-existing microorganisms existing in microalgae culture in wastewater.