“双碳”目标下煤矿瓦斯治理与利用

Control and utilization of coal mine gas to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality

针对煤矿瓦斯威胁人身安全、增加煤矿生产成本、造成环境危害的现实,探讨在“双碳”目标背景下重新规划煤矿瓦斯治理与利用,实现安全高效生产、促进煤矿转型发展。通过文献调研和实例对比,总结当前煤矿采取规划区预抽采、生产区工作面机械通风与抽采、采空区机械抽采的主要治理措施。在此基础上,提出了当前未形成统一的瓦斯治理效果评价标准,以及未统一规划煤矿瓦斯治理与利用和煤炭开发,对加大瓦斯治理产生综合效益认识不够、瓦斯综合治理与利用技术尚不成熟等原因导致煤矿瓦斯低碳治理的动力不足,与国家“双碳”战略目标要求不契合。据此,建议煤矿企业应部署符合实现“双碳”目标的瓦斯治理与利用时间表和战略规划、构建瓦斯治理与利用的数字信息化生产平台、落实技术创新与人才利用、提前布局瓦斯抽采后的提纯利用,实现减排降碳源头设计—过程控制—分区实施—末端治理—市场开发的煤矿瓦斯治理新模式。

In view of the threats to the personal safety,increasing in coal-mining cost and harm to our environment caused by coal mine gas,redesigning the controlling and utilization measurements for coal mine gas on the path to realize carbon peaking and carbon neutrality can boost the production safely and efficiently and advance the transformation of coal industry.Base on literature research and cases study,the current measurements were found to include pre-drainage in planning areas,mechanical ventilation and gas drainage for the working face in production areas and mechanical extraction in the goaf.There are no general standard for the evaluation of the control effects or a unified development plan for coal mine gas.Coal mining enterprises lack the motivation for low-carbon control of coal mine gas,since their understanding on the comprehensive benefits brought by enhancing coal mine gas controlling is insufficient and their treatment technologies are underdeveloped.This situation is inconsistent with the requirements of the national strategic goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.It is suggested that the coal mining enterprises should deploy a coal mine gas control and utilization strategy which conforms to the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,construct a digital information platform for coal mine gas control and utilization,implement technological innovation and talent introduction strategies,and design the purification and utilization process for the extracted methane in advanced,so as to formulate a new methane control mode including carbon emission reduction from the source,process control,divisional implement,terminal control and market development.