渤海西域传统民居类型及其特征研究

The Types and Characteristics of Traditional Houses in the Western Region of Bohai Sea

渤海西域地区自然、文化背景独特。以明清时期北京民居传统合院形制为基础,该地区民居既有传承又有发展,形成了具有地域特色的住居文化与民居类型。通过田野考察和文献梳理,该文分析了渤海西域民居与周边民居的差异和联系,对建筑形制的类型和特征进行了归纳;并借助人文地理学、类型学、图像学等多学科交叉的研究方法,发掘、解析其在民俗、营建技艺及装饰美学等方面的住居文化和特征。最后针对三个方面提出了传统住居文化的现代传承和适宜性发展的策略。

The western region of the Bohai Sea has a unique environment in location and culture.Based on the type of traditional courtyard houses in Beijing,the residential houses there have both inheritance and development,forming regional residential culture and different types of residential houses.Through fieldwork and literature review,we analyze the differences and connections of the dwellings between the western region of the Bohai Sea and surrounding areas.Then,we summarize the types and characteristics of architectural forms.Moreover,with the help of interdisciplinary research methods such as human geography,typology,and imaging,we generalize the residential culture and characteristics in folk customs,construction skills and decorative aesthetics.Finally,we put forward the strategies of transformation and suitability evolvement of local culture in three aspects.