《红楼梦》书名西译的框架语义学解析

Chinese-Spanish Translation of the Title of“A Dream of Red Mansions”:Analysis from the Perspective of Frame Semantics

该文借助框架语义学理论,在分析《红楼梦》汉语书名语义蕴含的基础上,比较两个西语译本的语义联想和认知取向,剖析译者不同翻译选择之得失以及译者选择之动因。研究表明:《红楼梦》原书名可基于汉语词汇的框架语义网络引发丰富的文化联想,产生多层语义蕴含,然而这些语义蕴含难以在翻译中悉数呈现;小说书名的两个西语译本(拉乌埃尔译本和赵-加改译本)通过对"红楼"的不同翻译以及对"红楼"与"梦"之间关系的不同处理,展现了宏观性和个体性两种不同的叙述视角,分别凸显了家族兴衰和个人梦幻的故事内容;拉乌埃尔译本采用直译法(从杨宪益夫妇英译本直译),受底本影响,暗自契合了赞助人的文化立场;与拉乌埃尔译本相比,赵-加改译本体现了更为强烈的目标读者意识和接受语境传播意识。

Taking frame semantics as the theoretical framework,this paper starts with an analysis of the semantic frame of the original title of“A Dream of Red Mansions”,and then carries out a comparative study on the semantic associations and cognitive tendency of its two Spanish translations in order to evaluate the gain and loss of the translators’different choices while distinguish their motivations behind.The following conclusions could be drawn from this research:the original title of the novel generates rich cultural connotations based on the integration of the semantic frames of the words used,which are difficult to be all reflected in the translation;the two Spanish versions of the title adopt a macro and an individualized perspectives in narration highlighting respectively the family and the individual narratives in the novel;the version of Láuer,conforming to the patron’s cultural position,is actually a literal translation from the Yangs’English version;compared with the Láuer’s version,Zhao&García’s version shows a more evident awareness of the target readers and the recipient culture.