中国国内机构间专利合作网络的演化研究--基于中国知网1999-2018年专利数据

Research on the Evolution of Patent Collaboration Network of Domestic Institutions in China:Based on the Patent Data of CNKI from 1999 to 2018

[目的/意义]以中国国内机构为研究对象,研究1999—2018年间国内机构间专利合作的演化状况,为决策者制定专利技术发展战略提供理论依据。[方法/过程]基于中国知网中全部机构间合作申请的专利数据,运用社会网络分析方法,研究国内机构间专利合作网络的规模、密度、成分拓扑结构、社群及其中关键节点的演化规律。[结果/结论]1999—2018年,越来越多机构加入到专利合作中,尤其是企业的数量增长幅度最大。大量小型企业和科研院所拥有少数合作对象,逐渐形成了大量小规模小团体,合作对象逐渐稳定。少数拥有大量合作对象的机构,逐渐形成一个合作关系复杂的最大规模小团体,其拓扑结构是多个相互连接的星型结构簇。星型结构簇的中心机构由中国石油化工股份有限公司逐渐演化为国家电网有限公司;连接各个星型结构簇的机构由中石油企业的子公司或是其附属研究院,逐渐演化为清华大学等双一流高校。

[Purpose/significance]Taking domestic institutions in China as research subjects,to study the evolution of the characteristics of domestic institutions patent collaboration in China from 1999 to 2018.It provides a theoretical basis for the decision makers to formulate the development strategy of patent technology.[Method/process]Based on the patent data of all domestic institutions joint applications on CNKI,using the social network analysis method,to study the evolution law of the scale,density,component topology,community and important nodes of domestic institutions patent collaboration network.[Result/conclusion]From 1999 to 2018,more and more institutions joined in patent cooperation,and the number of enterprises in particular increased the most.A large number of small enterprises and scientific research institutes have a small number of partners,and gradually formed a large number of small groups,and the partners are gradually stable.A few institutions with a large number of partners gradually form the largest small group with complex cooperative relationships,whose topology is a number of interconnected star structure clusters.The central institution of the star cluster gradually evolved from Sinopec Group to State Grid Co.Ltd.The institutions connecting each cluster of star structure evolved from the subsidiaries or affiliated research institutes of Chinese petrochemical enterprises to the double first-class universities such as Tsinghua University.