铁皮石斛锈病病原鉴定及药剂筛选

Pathogen Identification and Fungicide Screening of Dendrobium officinale Rust Disease

为了明确铁皮石斛锈病的病原菌种类,筛选其有效防治药剂,通过对云南瑞丽铁皮石斛种植基地调查,运用形态学并结合分子生物学方法对病原菌进行鉴定,选用4种杀菌剂进行田间药效试验。结果表明,铁皮石斛锈病由真菌鞘锈菌(Coleosporium sp.)引起,发生期为每年2-11月,鞘锈菌的夏孢子直接侵染铁皮石斛叶片,以冬孢子越冬。10%苯甲·丙环唑悬浮剂450 mL·hm^(-2)与75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂300 g·hm^(-2)的防效显著高于其他两种药剂,3次药后防效分别为82.16%和82.88%,这2种药剂可作为防治铁皮石斛锈病的有效药剂。

This paper aimed to identify the pathogen causing Dendrobium officinale rust disease and obtain effective fungicides against the disease. The disease investigation and pathogenic identification were carried out in field and laboratory in Ruili County, Yunnan Province. Field efficacy trials were conducted to investigate control efficacy of 4 fungicides against D. officinale rust disease. The results showed that the D. officinale rust disease was caused by Coleosporium sp. Urediospores of the rust directly infected the leaves of D. officinale, and it occurred from February to November every year. Control effects of benzyl·propiconazole 10% SC at 450 m L·hm^(-2) and trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole 75% WG at 300 g·hm^(-2) were significantly better than those of the other two fungicides,with the efficacies of 82.16% and 82.88% after treatment 3 times, respectively. The two fungicides could be used as chemicals to control the disease.