农村土地资本化驱动下珠三角地区乡村经济空间重构历程与重构机制

Rural Economic Spatial Reconstruction Process and Mechanism in Pearl River Delta Region Driven by Rural Land Capitalization

文章构建了农村土地资本化驱动下乡村经济空间重构的分析框架,系统梳理了珠三角地区乡村土地资本化各阶段中乡村经济空间重构特征与传导机制,并以佛山市顺德区北滘镇黄龙村为典型案例,深入剖析农村土地资本化驱动下乡村经济空间重构过程与影响机制。研究结果表明:(1)农村土地资本化是产权主体通过出让、转让、出租、入股等方式流转农村集体土地产权以获取土地增值收益的过程,核心是集体土地产权的流动性与增值性。(2)珠三角地区农村土地资本化过程大致经历以集体内部经营为主转变为以出租为主,再到多元方式并存的土地资本化形式。其从"村村点火、户户冒烟"的乡镇企业分散布局向分散、破碎、低效、蔓延的乡村工业格局转变,最终逐渐走向集中的乡村多元经济空间形态。(3)农村土地资本化是黄龙村经济空间重构的核心环节也是重要驱动力。在以土地出租为主到土地出让与出租并存的土地资本化过程中,土地的资本价值重新活化,同时促进低端集聚的乡村工业空间向绿色高质量的乡村多元经济空间重构。

This paper constructs an analytical framework for the rural economic spatial reconstruction driven by rural land capitalization and systematically sorts out the characteristics and transmission mechanism of rural economic spatial reconstruction in each stage of land capitalization in the Pearl River Delta region.Taking Huanglong Village,Beijiao Town,Shunde District,Foshan City as typical cases,this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the rural economic spatial reconstruction process and influence mechanism driven by rural land capitalization.The results are as follows:1)The rural land capitalization is a process in which the property right subjects transfer the rural collective land property right by means of sell,transfer,lease,and shareholding to obtain the land value increment.The core of rural land capitalization is the movement and increment of collective land property rights.2)The capitalization of rural land in the Pearl River Delta region has undergone a transformation from collective internal management to leasing,and then to multiple forms of land capitalization.It changed from the scattered layout of township enterprises to the scattered,broken,inefficient and spreading rural industrial pattern,and finally gradually moved to the form of centralized rural multi-economic space.3)Rural land capitalization is the core link of economic spatial reconstruction in Huanglong Village and also an important driving force.In the process of land capitalization where land lease is the mainstay to the coexistence of land sell and lease,the capital value of land is reactivated,and the low-end agglomeration rural industrial space is promoted to be reconstructed into green and high-quality rural diversified economic space.