基于海绵城市理念的城市生态公园空间设计——以长沙市星沙生态公园概念设计为例

Urban Ecological Park Space Design Based on Sponge City Concept:Taking Conceptual Design of Changsha Xingsha Ecological Park as an Example

不断加速发展的城市,越来越明显地表现出城市病现象,城市生态公园是解决城市化与环境之间矛盾的新型公园模式。以长沙市星沙生态公园概念设计为例,借鉴国内外公园的设计手法,基于海绵城市理念在生态公园的运用,结合自身地形地貌特征,将星沙生态公园划分山地景观、水体景观和平原景观三大区域。山地景观以山体落差为主要引水方式将水排入雨水花园中,达到吸水效果;水体景观利用植物净化功能,将湖体作为雨水汇集点,达到蓄水效果;平原景观以微地形处理将瞬时暴雨集中到生态洼地慢慢下渗,形成一个个的蓄水小泡,各区域之间又形成一个系统的雨水循环系统,最终达到海绵城市理念所要求的生态效应。从设计初期得出概念的总设计,到后期分析海绵城市理念在三大区域的生态设计应用,可为以后城市生态公园的设计提供一些设计灵感和参考借鉴。

With the accelerating development of cities, the phenomenon of urban diseases is becoming more and more obvious. Urban ecological park is a new park model to solve the contradiction between urbanization and environment. Taking the conceptual design of Changsha Xingsha Ecological Park as an example, based on the application of the concept of sponge city in the ecological park, drawing lessons from the design methods of parks at home and abroad, and combined with its own topographic and geomorphic characteristics, the Xingsha Ecological Park is divided into three areas: "mountain landscape", "water landscape" and "plain landscape". "Mountain landscape" takes the mountain gap as the main water diversion way to discharge the water into the rainwater garden to achieve the effect of water absorption ";" water landscape " uses the function of plant purification to take the lake as the rainwater collection point to achieve the effect of water storage";"plain landscape" focuses the instantaneous rainstorm on the ecological depressions by micro terrain treatment, and slowly infiltrates to form a collection of water storage bubbles. A systematic rainwater circulation linkage is formed among various regions, so as to finally achieve the ecological effect required by the concept of sponge city. It will provide some design inspiration and reference for the future urban ecological park design from the overall design in the initial stage from which the concept is obtained to the later stage analysis on the sponge city concept used in the ecological design for three large areas.